SWOT Analysis of Chile: Business and economic trends

SWOT Analysis of Chile: Business and economic trends Country Profile – Chile 2014 2014 LATIN AMERICAN BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT REPORT INTRODUCTION In 2014 the business environment in Latin America did not live up to expectations, and seems that it will not deliver significant results for 2014.Growth rate dropped again, down in 13 of the 18 countries covered in the LABER analysis. Lower commodity prices and financial market volatility in Latin America Governments struggled to cope with growing economic imbalances and rising social discontent. The 14 countries adhering to the centrist social-market paradigm, in spite of these pressures, did not deviate from its more business-friendly policies. Should the economic slump deepen in 2014, it was not unreasonable to expect pressures for change to deepen. Country Profile –Chile Political Factors: SWOT Analysis of Chile: Strengths Chile experiences open economy and the bilateral, regional and multilateral trade agreements led to a increase in foreign trade International competitiveness has faced an increased growth rate due to the trade agreements Chile offers foreign investors some of the world’s most competitive business costs Privatization and deregulation have created public utility and telecommunications industries Corporate taxes and labor costs are relatively low No evidence of active terrorism in Chile Occurrence of serious offences remains relatively low, despite reports of increased crime levels Chile capital, Santiago is considered one of the safest countries in Latin America Enjoys a stable democratic political system, with strong institutions Comprehensive legal framework and independent judiciary Weaknesses Binomial electoral system is ripe for reform Chile is vulnerable to external shocks due to overdependence on primary export industries Supply shortages and potential power stoppages due to heavy dependence on imported sources of energy Reforms of Chile’s institutions and labor market remain unlikely. Absence of reform exacerbate structural imbalances in the economy Absence drags on economic growth Opportunities Foreign investors are supported by the Government through three investment mechanisms The mechanisms offer the rights of both the state and the investor throughout the implementation of project Significant opportunities for inbound investment in areas of power generation and transportation, as well as copper production Since 1990, Chile has enjoyed an uninterrupted period of stable democracy Voting is compulsory for all voters older than 18. Government took important measures to increase efficiency of public administration by 2003 and ensuring a transparent government Congress also approved a law to regulate the financing of political parties and election campaigns Threats Growing public protests among the poorer sections of society High levels of income inequality and discontent with the cost of education Weakening government’s popularity Chile’s major ports and industrial mines suffer growing labour unrest Business environment in the country: BMI Business Environment Risk Ratings Chile ranks 28th out of 191 countries in business environment rankings and scoring around 64.0. This makes Chile the outperformer of the neighboring countries by some distance and places it higher than several developed industrial economies. In terms of ‘market orientation’, it ranks well ahead of many developed states including the US and the UK. Nonetheless, causes for concern remain. The country has a sizeable infrastructure deficit, reflected in our relatively weak score for Chile’s business infrastructure, a category in which Chile ranks just 55th globally. Chile is an open economy and practices bilateral, regional and multilateral trade agreements. This has led to a steady increase in foreign trade and the country’s international competitiveness. Chile offers foreign investors some of the world’s most competitive business costs. Privatization and deregulation have created sophisticated telecommunications, healthcare and public utility industries. Chile at the same time has maintained a moderately low corporate taxes and labor costs. Environmental factors: Chile is a highly Election dominated environment. It possesses the following features with regard to the environment: Solid economic performance Throughout the region of Latin America growth softened, but the drop was not steep in Chile and the outlook was encouraging with average annual growth rates for the period 2004-12. The causes of slower economic growth were lower export earnings, weaker investment and slower growth in the domestic demand. The local stock market has downgraded by 15% in dollar terms for the year, making it the worst performing of the major exchanges. This fall in the exchange rates made the economic scenario quite unfavorable for the foreign investment. The depreciating peso was accounted for the major fall in the economic performance. (upto 521 to the dollar) Exports softened but FDI surged Chile is the world’s largest producers of copper. Being in its maximum height of production, the decline in world copper prices affected Chile’s market negatively. Copper accounts for 60% of exports and 20% of GDP. Chile drew its attention away from copper due to the long-term need to diversify the economy and such heavy dependence on a single commodity. As the Chinese economy relaxed, copper prices fell down by 12% in November affecting Chile’s trade and exports, resulting in a fall in 2012. The CAD (current account deficit) and debt increased due to the exports slump. Chile has favorable access to bond markets and foreign investors due to its best managed economy and the highest credit rating in Latin America, and hence its environment remains very investor friendly. Resulting in a Net FDI tripled in 2012. Public protests broke out again Chile was recognized as a world leader in the implementation of the market reforms that was responsible for the generation of growth and rising standards of living. Chile has proven unemployment rate that fell to a historical low of 5.7% in October. Despite the growth, Chile was the first country to face rising citizen discontent in the form of the street demonstrations, which are now common throughout Latin America. Chile experienced for the first time in 2013 students, unions and Mapuche Indians all conducted disruptive demonstrations. Election returned center-left coalition to power As expected, former President Michelle Bachelet easily defeated Alianza por Chile, the candidate of the governing party, and her New Majority coalition won a majority in Congress. In many respects, the outcome was disappointing for Bachelet and her supporters. The disappointing fact was the low turnout , with voting was no longer mandatory, especially among first-time voters who were expected to deliver an easy first-round victory. Central Bank lowered interest rates to stimulate growth In order to stimulate the growth in the face of weak domestic demand, the Central Bank cut interest rates. This will further enhance the growth of the economy and productivity. National strategies and public policies: Chile follows the strategies to raise taxes, reform education and providing free tuition for university students. These reforms were mainly targeted in reducing inequality, thereby reducing the protests. Keys: Progress on reform agenda; price of copper Industry structure and competitive dynamics in terms of Infrastructure Labor: Infrastructure: Chile has a well developed and efficient infrastructure network, which contributes to the governments export-driven development strategy. Since the adoption of build-operate transfer concessions the countrys physical infrastructure has improved substantially. Though considerable damage was done to the existing countrys infrastructure network by the devastating 2010 earthquake, the ongoing focus of government attention ensure the rebuilding of Chiles infrastructure. The Pan-American Highway is considered to be high international standards and backbone of Chiles road system. Chile also has world-class airport and seaport infrastructure. Chile is working to develop a network of transport corridors across the region, using rail and road infrastructure. This will uplift the Chiles exports to Argentina and Brazil, and also facilitate the use of Chilean ports for exports to Asia. Energy: Energy supply in Chile is considered the Achilles heel. With its limited domestic energy supply, the country heavily relies on the bulk of its energy resources on Imports. It has to maintain sound relations with its neighbors to realize the valuable energy supply. The reliance on energy imports, particularly on natural gas from Argentina (where 80% of gas imports originate), is a growing problem. The Chilean government has prioritized addressing the electricity issue. Intellectual Property Rights In the International Property Rights Index of 2013, Chile comes in 28th place out of 130 countries. This places Chile the highest ranked of all emerging markets. Chile approved legislation to bring the country into compliance with the Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) signatory obligations .As per the TRIPS signatory, Chile must meet the agreed standards pertaining to copyrights, including producer rights, industrial designs, patents and trademarks. The area in which Chile was most scrutinized is IPR in pharmaceutical products. This is due to the fact that Chile lacks a transparent system for protecting pharmaceutical patents. In 2005, the MOP established a system in protecting data related to pharmaceutical products. Business-government relations: Chile is positioned with a stable political outlook and sound economic fundamentals for steady, albeit slower, economic progress. Due to its high reliance on copper exports and oil imports, Chile is posed to a high risk to economic progress. Diversification of the countrys economic drivers will be essential to ensuring sustainable growth to remove the high dependence on the copper exports and oil imports. But this diversification may drag the GDP of the country leading to a more consumer-driven economy. Moreover, the GDP per capita is envisioned to nearly double between 2013 and 2022, in line with President Sebastià ¡n Pià ±eras goal of at least US$25,000 GDP per capita by 2020. This would give Chile de facto developed country status. Nevertheless, we will face two obstacles that would hamper Chiles economic growth over the upcoming years: Despite the countrys vast reserves of hydroelectric power, periods of drought have exposed Chiles dependence on energy imports; modernizing power generation and transmission will be highly essential to continued growth. Potentials Risks and bottlenecks faced by Chile Government: Chile faces few terrorist activity and regional security threats in comparison with neighboring countries. Other Potential risks are in the field of labor, education, healthcare, communication and transportation facilities. Strikes and public protests present a significant risk to business in Chile. In recent years these events have been concentrated in the areas of health, education, transportation, communication and civil service sectors. The real wages are slowly increasing in a less alarming way and high corporate profits have led to greater worker resentment. Strike action is becoming more widespread. It is not totally uncommon for labor tensions to develop into full-blown conflict. These labor conflicts largely affect the copper mines functioning. This leads to a significant amount of delays in certain large mining and energy projects. Mapuche political activists pose a growing threat to the foreign investments due to hindrances in the domestic security and the countrys business climate. These conflicts lead to a significant drag on the Chilean business environment if left unresolved. According to government statistics, crime rates are falling. Chile OUTLOOK in the face of Attractive Business Environments In the business environment analysis conducted by Business Monitor, only 9 nine countries emerged with the most business attractive environments in the Latin America region. Although there are differences among them, they all share significant positive strengths: Sustained growth with moderate inflation Favorable external profiles Declining poverty and growing middle classes; Stable, multiparty, centrist politics; Social-market economic policies; Slowly improving legal systems Seven of the nine ranked highest of the 18 LABER environments on the 2013 World Economic Forum’s global competitiveness score as given below. Chile government supports business and related investments with its strong and efficient legal framework Most accommodative in the region Government continues to place attracting foreign investment high on its priority list Infrastructure network is a major asset to the Chilean business climate Open foreign trade regime, helps to maintain the countrys reputation as an attractive foreign direct investment (FDI) destination Corruption and criminal activity remains a nuisance Pià ±era government has struggled to produce results on these fronts

Netw4 Essay

Netw410 Week 1Report The first objective in the LAN Modeling tutorial is Setting Up the Scenario. The final step in setting up your scenario appears below. 1. (30 points) Once your project is created (after Step 6 above), your workspace will contain a map of the United States. Your project and scenario name can be seen in ITGuru’s top window border in the form of Project: Scenario: . Capture a screenshot of your new project workspace that clearly shows your project and scenario name, and paste it below. 2.(40 points) In college-level paragraph(s), describe how background traffic affects both e-mail data and VoIP data. INTRODUCTION In this week’s lab exercise, we had the opportunity to create a network simulation from the ground up using OpNet IT Guru. The purpose of the exercise was to gain familiarity with OpNet functions along with network objects and associated behavior based on the configuration of network variables. Some of these objects include Application Definit ions, Profile Definitions, Subnets, and the various means of connecting these components in a topology. The lab exercise itself provided a foundation for creating a simulated environment that was focused on evaluating the impact of background link load on FTP traffic. After creating the initial simulation environment, we were able to validate the configuration by matching output data for FTP performance with the reference data provided in the iLab instructions document. The graphs below illustrate the student lab configuration findings compared with the iLab reference graphs. The graphs, while not an exact match, provide enough similarity to validate the student simulation environment. Point to Point Utilization (reference) Figure 2 – Point to Point Utilization (student) BACKGROUND LINK LOAD Impact on Email Traffic After validating the simulation environment is correctly configured, the iLab Report Instructions ask us how background load affects network performance as it relates to email traffic and voice traffic. In order to assess this impact, it was necessary to add email and voice services to the Profile Configuration and the server named FTP located in the Washington DC subnet. The graphs below illustrate the impact of background load on point to point throughput–> and point to point utilization for the back_load and no_back_load scenarios. The data in these charts is reflective of using the predefined Email(heavy) application profile metric. Figure 3 – Email Point to Point Throughput (bits/sec) Figure 4 – Email Pont to Point Utilization It’s clear that background load has a significant impact on link throughput and utilization. The simulation without background loading remains steady and relatively flat with throughput at roughly 2Kbps and link utilization at under 5%. When background load is added, we see a marked upward trend in utilization and throughput early in the simulation that keeps with our scheme of incrementally ramping up background load from 19,200 to 32,000 during the first 8 minutes, followed by a less pronounced continued upward trend over the remainder of the simulation. Link throughput begins to stabilize at just over 30kbps late in the simulation, while link utilization approaches 50%. Interestingly, we see a sharp drop in email download response time during the first seconds of both scenarios even as background load is ramping up at the same time. However, both scenarios flatten out to a more consistent level as the simulation progresses. The background load simulation stabilizes at roughly 1. 4 seconds for email download response time while the no background simulation settles at about . 7 seconds (see graph below). Figure 5 – Email Download Response Time (sec) BACKGROUND LINK LOAD Impact on Voice Traffic As with the FTP and email simulations, the topology was updated to include Voice Over IP (PCM Quality) followed by running new simulations for both scenarios. In this run, we continue to look at point to point throughput? and point to point utilization?. Additionally, we measured packet end to end delay (seconds). Without the use of other voice configuration metrics such as codec selection and quality of service for voice packets, in either scenario voice over IP fails as a result of the high packet delay. The chart below illustrates that the no background load simulation provides better performance for voice packets with an average delay of about 7 seconds. Alternatively, the simulation including background load produced an average packet delay of roughly 8 seconds. Figure 6 – Voice Packet End to End Delay (sec) When looking at link utilization metrics, on the other hand, there does not appear to be a significant difference between the background load simulation and the no background load simulation. Figure 7 below indicates that, with the exception of the simulation startup being pre-loaded with 19,200 kbps in background load, both scenarios show a sharp ramp up over the first 8 minutes before leveling off at just over 60kbps. Link utilization, illustrated in figure 8, produced similar results in terms of the trend lines between the two scenarios. Both ramp up sharply over the first several minute and begin to level off as the link utilization approaches 100%. With utilization so high, it’s clear that this particular implementation is not optimized for convergence. Voice services alone would consume all available bandwidth between East Coast sites making it impossible to support email and FTP services concurrently. Figure 7 – Point to Point Throughput (bits/sec) Figure 8 – Point to Point Utilization CONCLUSION Beginning with the initial lab exercise of comparing throughput and link utilization for FTP stabilized at roughly 10% of capacity while adding background load resulted in a peak utilization of about 55%. Similarly, link throughput for email remained under 5kbps and 5% link utilization with no background load present while spiking up to nearly 50% of link capacity when background load is added. Finally, we learned that there is still some optimization work that needs to be done in order for this topology to be ready for convergence. Both scenarios resulted in nearly 100% link utilization when voice over IP was the only supported service. In any event, it’s clear that background load has a significant impact on the user experience based on download response times as well as efficient use of available link bandwidth.

Anticipated Challenges and Planned Responses

ANTICIPATED CHALLENGES AND PLANNED RESPONSES As our business enters the world of food industry, INTERNAL QUALITY CONTROL 1. Sanitation Problem Every food would not be one if it is not clean. It takes several stages to ensure that our products are not only edible or delicious, but most importantly safe for every consumer. This is also a serious matter of all food industries because its good name is at stake. Orion Foods Inc. being a competitive newcomer, will go through big paces to earn the market’s trust, which is too costly. We have to respond to regulatory authorities which provide the compulsory national framework for food or meat hygiene programmes through laws and regulations. Response Hygienic measures are to be taken during the various processing steps in the manufacture of meat products – the Meat Processing Hygiene.This is part of a firm’s Quality Management (QM) based on the following three principles crucial for meat processing operations: * Prevent m icrobial contamination of raw materials, intermediate (semi-manufactured)goods and final products during meat product manufacture through absolute cleanliness of tools, working tables, machines as well as hands and outfits of personnel. * Minimize microbial growth in raw materials, semi-manufactured goods and final products by storing them at a low temperature. Reduce or eliminate microbial contamination by applying heat treatment at the final processing stage for extension of shelf life of products Fig. *** Microbiological contamination in the meat processing chain Figure *** shows the extent of contamination among meat processing operations, and the possible remedies, if any. If these processes were relinquished, it would highly contaminate meat which is unsuitable for further processing. Final products could be unattractive, tasteless or shorter in shelf life. In light of this issue, Quality Management schemes are needed.Such schemes have technical and hygienic components. The fo rmer encompasses product composition, processing technologies, packaging, storage and distribution. The hygienic aspect, related to meat processes, focuses not only for the final product, but also for the raw materials in various processes. It has two useful schemes: * Good Hygienic Practices (GHP) It follows general hygienic rules and applies recognized hygienic principles as well as laws and regulations issued by the competent authorities, referring to meat and meat products, equipment, Premises and personnel.GHP schemes are not factory specific, they apply to all types of meat plants. They are intended to establish and maintain acceptable hygienic standards in relevant meat operations. * Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) HACCP are factory and product specific strictly sanitary control schemes that shall prevent, detect, control and/or reduce to save levels accidentally occurring hazards to consumers’ health. Despite GHP in place, accidental hazards cannot be ruled out and may occur at any processing step of the individual meat product.Specifically for meat processing plants, such hazards may be provoked by failures such as: * batches of incoming raw meat materials with abnormal tissues or * heavy contamination, * breakdowns in refrigeration, * failure in cooking/sterilization operations, * abnormal pH or a * in raw or finished products, * errors in levels of application of * curing salts and other additives, * technical problems in sealing of * vacuum packages or cans with * the risk of recontamination.

Essay about Descartes’ Argument from Divisibility

Descartes’ Argument from Divisibility Works Cited Missing Reneà ¬ Descartes’ treatise on dualism, his Meditations on First Philosophy, is a seminal work in Western intellectual history, outlining his theory of the mind and its relation to the rest of the world. The main argument running through the Meditations leads from his universal methodic doubt through his famous cogito, to proofs of dualism, God, and the world. The Cartesian dualism is one of the most influential ideas to come out of the work; the style of the Meditations, however, is one of personal rumination, following what appears to be Descartes’ stream of consciousness , and it allows for mild tangential discussions. Hence alongside his more famous argument for dualism,†¦show more content†¦Stated in this way the argument is valid, but for it to be sound we must be able to accept all of its premises. The first premise is uncontroversial, as it follows from the concept of numerical identity that if two things are numerically identical then anything that is true of one is true of the other, as both things are actually only one thing being referred to in two different ways. We can therefore accept it as true. Moving to the second premise, it should be noted that physical bodies may not, in fact, be infinitely divisible, but as they are still divisible to some extent, this does not invalidate the argument and is only a tangential concern. At any rate, that material bodies are divisible seems almost self evident. The third premise is really the crux of the argument and the point of uncertainty. Is the mind really indivisible? Upon initial reflection it would certainly seem so; Descartes’ claim that one cannot conceive of â€Å"half of a mind† seems intuitively true on the face of it. However, one must remember that by â€Å"mind† Descartes meant only â€Å"a thing that thinks† (Meditations, p. 20), which is to say that thinking is the essence of the mind. From this kernel of truth Descartes builds up the rest of his understanding of the mind and part of this understanding is that the mind is entirely accessible to itself and in this sense is one unified thing. However, today theShow MoreRelatedHow The Mind And Body Are United Based On Rene Descartes Argumentations1523 Words   |  7 Pagesbody are united based on Rene Descartes’ argumentations in The Meditations Of First Philosophy. First, I am going to introduce a few of Descartes’ arguments and his position on the matter. Then, I will pick the most questionable argument and put it up against logical reasoning with evidence. Finally, I am going to conclude how the 17th-century philosopher proposes a fallacious argument which interferes with his Cartesian dualism theory. The Position Rene Descartes believed in what is known as â€Å"substanceRead MoreDescartes Debate On Dualism944 Words   |  4 PagesDescartes’ debate for dualism is called the divisibility argument, where he believes the mind cannot be divided while the body can and, as a result, the mind and body are distinct. But is this really true? I have evaluated Descartes’ reasons for believing in the divisibility of the body and the indivisibility of the mind from Descartes Meditations. I argue that Descartes argument does not work as he is trying to make science and church compatible and the existence of instances where the mind canRead MoreThe Brain Identity Theory, Logical Behaviorism, And Dualism Essay989 Words   |  4 Pagespresent and explain the argument for dualism and how it works to effectively provide a solution for the mind-body problem in spite of any objections offered. I will first proceed to describe the idea of dualism and provide two arguments that aim to support this solution towards the mind-body problem (II). I shall then present the two objections offered by Elliott Sober (III). Following Sober’s objection, I will convey my evaluation on how I object to one of the arguments for dualism, but acknowledgeRead MoreFor Years, Philosophers Have Debated The Mind-Body Problem,1195 Words   |  5 Pagesthe physical world. Philosopher Descartes believed in substance dualism, the belief that the mind and the body are two different things. In this essay, I will examine Descartes’ substance dualism theory. First, I will review Descartes’s theory and reasons that support it. Then, I will review objections with Descartes’s argument. After that, I will imagine how Descartes would respond to these objections. Finally, I will conclude with an overall assessment. 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Principle of Universal Doubt Principle of Indiscernibility Archimedean Principle Epistemic Principle None of the above. ____ In Meditation One, Descartes ultimately dismisses the conclusion of the Dream Argument because:Read MoreCartesian Dualism vs Logical Behaviorism Essay1483 Words   |  6 Pagesyou do of your own free will? Are people genuinely moved by the welfare of others, or is all behavior, in reality, selfish? (Sober 203). These are questions relevant to philosophy of the mind and discussed through a variety of arguments. Two of the most important arguments with this discussion are Cartesian dualism and logical behaviorism, both of which argue the philosophy of the mind in two completely different ways. Robert Lane, a professor at the University of West Georgia, define the two as

Anthrax Essay - 874 Words

Anthrax Vaccine: Safe and Effective, or Not? Intro: The Anthrax vaccine is a mandatory shot for military; while some people are willing to take the shot to save their lives, others believe if they take it, it will ruin theirs. I. The Anthrax Disease nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;A. Anthrax is a bacterial infection caused by Bacillus Anthracis. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;1. It primarily affects livestock, but can occasionally spread humans. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;a. The infection can be treated, but is almost always fatal. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;2. The bacterium produces spores that lay dormant for†¦show more content†¦The vaccine is used for people that are at risk for exposure to the nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;anthrax spores. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;3. The vaccine helps your immune system prevent the bacteria from nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;growing and leading the death nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;B. The immunization consists of 6 shots. 3 are given two weeks apart and the nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;other 3 are given at 6, 12, and 18 months. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;1. There is also a booster shot that can be taken to keep the vaccine up to nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;date in one year intervals. Transition: Now that we have some of the basic information on the disease and vaccine, lets look at the pros and cons of it. III. Why you should take the vaccine. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;A. The main argument for taking the vaccine is that anthrax kills, and the vaccine nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;protects. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;1. Right now there are at least ten countries in Southeast Asia and Korea nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;with biological weapons. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;2. AnthraxShow MoreRelated anthrax Essays1316 Words   |  6 Pages Could someone use anthrax for a larger attack on American cities? Unfortunately, yes-and they could also use any of a series of other germs, some more lethal than anthrax. But it’s not easy to get anthrax, and it’s not easy to deploy. The Japanese cult Aum Shinrikyo tried to spread anthrax from its Tokyo office building in 1993 and failed dismally. Experts disagree on how dangerous it would be if someone sprinkled anthrax in, say, an office ventilation system or a subway car, but any larger attackRead MoreIdentification of Anthrax Infections610 Words   |  2 Pages The environmental pathogen I chose from the California Code of Regulations, Title 17 is anthrax. The anthrax genus is Bacillus and the species is anthracis, it is a Gram-positive spore-forming bacillus. The methods of identification for anthrax are three different types the first one is a skin lesion that has evolved over 2 to 6 days from a papule, through a vesicular stage to a depressed black eschar, with considerable swelling around the lesion. The second one is a respiratory illness ofRead MoreAnthrax / Bacillus Anthracis Anthrax1509 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Æ' The topic I chose for my project is†¦Anthrax/Bacillus Anthracis Anthrax is also commonly called†¦ †¢ Malignant Carbuncle OR Pustule †¢ Woolsorter s Disease AND †¢ Rag-picker s Disease Anthrax disease is a severe illness caused by bacteria called Bacillus Anthracis. Anthrax mainly affects animals, but people can become infected through the contact of or the ingestion of an infected animal or through the inhalation of the anthrax spores themselves. Anthrax affects a person’s skin, lungs and digestiveRead MoreThe History of Anthrax Essay1440 Words   |  6 PagesINTRODUCTION Anthrax is defined as an infectious disease that is caused by a certain type of rod-shaped bacteria called Bacillus anthracis. The name of the bacteria comes from the Greek word for coal, due to the ulcers with dark centers that form on the skin of those with the disease. Carnivorous animals are often infected with the disease, as opposed to humans. However, these animals can transmit the bacteria, Bacillus anthracis, to humans, therefore causing humans to suffer from the same infectionRead MoreAnthrax (Bacillus Anthracis) Essay2547 Words   |  11 Pages Anthrax (Bacillus anthracis) is an acute infectious disease caused by the spore-forming bacterium. The most common victims of anthrax are warm-blooded animals, but it can also infect humans. Anthrax spores can be produced in a powdery form for biological warfare. When inhaled by humans, these particles cause respiratory failure and death within a week. Because anthrax is considered to be a potential agent for use in biological warfare, the Department of Defense (DOD), in 1998, announced it wouldRead MoreAnthrax: A Bioterrorist Weapon1080 Words   |  4 PagesAnthrax is not your common disease. It does not cause a simple cough or a small upset stomach. It doesn’t pass in the air from human to human. It is a tedious almost undetectable disease that has plagued the lives of many. Anthrax has been a major factor in human history, although the disease doesn’t always hit the race first. Anthrax is mainly caused by herbivore’s that graze in infected land. The plagues t hat were written in Exodus may have been anthrax in domesticated animals followed by the diseaseRead MoreAnthrax: A Deadly Biological Weapon Essay1630 Words   |  7 Pagescommonly used biological weapon is Anthrax. Inhalation of Anthrax is the most common way of causing harm. When someone is poisoned by inhaling Anthrax, they have actually been exposed to the spores of Anthrax. Once the spores are in the body, they infect various organs, causing mass infection and eventually collapse of the immune system. This results in death. Anthrax is used as a biological weapon because it is very deadly and is difficult to detect. Anthrax is also common in nature, there foreRead More Anthrax in Bioterrorism Essay2035 Words   |  9 PagesAnthrax in Bioterrorism As America rises shakily to its feet after September 11th, a man from American Media Inc. breathes in a funny powder from a letter in his office. Five days later he à ­s in the hospital, an apparent severe case of the flu. Two days later, he dies. This man was Bob Stevens, the first in America to die from a deliberate anthrax attack. 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The people of Egypt and Mesopotamia at the time called it the 5th plague and the name Anthrax derives from the word coal, similar to the black skin leisures it produces. The first clinical cases of Anthrax were described around 1752 and 1769 by Maret and Fournier respectively (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016). Scientist Robert Koch was the first to study

Methodology - “Just Give Me a Number!” Practical Values...

ECON 172 REPORT METHODOLOGY â€Å"What weights should society apply to cost and benefits occurring in future time periods relative to the present period?† INTRAGENERATIONAL DISCOUNTING * Consumption rate of interest cum shadow price of capital method (CRI-SPC Method) * The level of public investment should be based on individual preference for present consumption vs. future consumption * The marginal rate of time preference * Investment is simply a means of using resources that are potentially available for consumption now in order to increase consumption later * Individuals typically have a positive rate of time preference * They demand compensation when forgoing present for future consumption * SDR†¦show more content†¦Then the CRI-SPC method = Discounting at the ROI * But some if not all costs will displace consumption, thus this method is generally invalid * WSOC Method * SDR = weighted average of the CRI and the ROI * It will not give the same NPV as using the CRI-SPC method * Different rates of after-tax return and before tax marginal return to private investment DISCOUNTING USING THE OPTIMAL GROWTH RATE METHOD (OGR METHOD) * First reason for rejecting CRI-SPC method: rejects the notion that social choices reflect individual preferences as inferred from market interest rates * Because capital markets are not perfect and individual consumers do not behave as assumed by the standard economic model of intertemporal choice * Not only do borrowing and lending rates differ due to taxes and transaction costs, but some individuals are screened out of legitimate credit markets altogether due to informational asymmetries * Individuals differ in both their rates of time preference and in their opportunities * Because manyShow MoreRelatedMarketing Analysis of Nokia Mobile2974 Words   |  12 PagesA PROJECT REPORT ON MARKET ANALYSIS OF NOKIA MOBILE IN ROHTAK Submitted for the partial fulfillment for module of Business Research Methodology Submitted To Submitted By Dr.Ashutosh Nigam Manoj Astt. 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Respect others free essay sample

Lesson to others A lesson that will teach others is when you have to be your best. Being your best has to be when you have good grades, a good student, listen in class, and doesnt get into trouble. I would say this because you wouldnt know what your doing wrong. For example no one is perfect in this world because all of us were born to be us. Believe in yourself because it shows who you are. Being your best shows that you behave all the time. For example doesnt give problems to other people. I wouldnt give problems because I wouldnt want to get into trouble.Also if you disrespect the school, you wouldnt even get a chance to be in AVID. Avid is very important to me because I would want to participate and get chosen to be in it. Also being in student government and avid was by doing your best and showing how you are your best. We will write a custom essay sample on Respect others or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Is like your showing your personality,like your feelings. For example if I was in student government, I will behave myself because I wouldnt want to get kicked out. Is like that is your chance you have been waiting for right? So do you think you could be your best? You Just have to be yourself. Being yourself shows who you really are.For example the true you in the inside. A lot say that the outside is important, well It Is the Inside that Is Important! Believe so because inside of you shows who you really are. It shows your true you and your feelings. I think this because being yourself really shows who you are. Like If you were being you. If people tell you something bad, Just Ignore or Just believe and be yourself. You dont have to follow what that person Is doing,